Monday, March 22, 2010

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A civil engineer by training, he has bought up troubled or government-owned companies of all types, fixed them up and resold them for huge profits.
That kind of thrifty eye for undervalued businesses has served him well, especially after the market downturns in recent years.
"In periods of crisis, he has always invested, and now we are beginning to see the fruits of that," Elias Ayub said.
Blankfeld said the 2010 top-10 list – which includes Slim, two billionaires from India and one from Brazil – reflects the increasing presence of developing nations, adding that Slim is the first person from one to top the list.
"They're kind of spread. It's a nice spread," she said of the list, long dominated by Americans and Europeans.
Gates' and Buffett's donations also played a role in their decline to the number 2 and 3 spots.
"A big reason for that is they are both very philanthropic," said Blankfeld. "They've given away so many billions of dollars."
Slim has donated to several causes, but not on nearly the same level. In January, he announced a $65 million donation for genetic research on cancer, type 2 diabetes and kidney disease in Mexican and Latin American populations.
Speaking to reporters in 2005, Slim described his philosophy.
"Wealth must be seen a responsibility, not as a privilege. The responsibility is to create more wealth. It's like having an orchard; you have to give away the fruit, but not the trees."While Mexico belongs to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, whose 30 members constitute the world's most important market economies, it is also a developing nation. More than 50 million of Mexico's 107 million people live in poverty, defined as not having enough money to meet housing, transport, education and other normal expenses. Extreme poverty – defined as not having money to buy enough food – afflicted 19.5 million people here in 2008.
In that landscape, Slim's $53.5 billion fortune has drawn frequent criticism.
"This is shameful," said Mexico City resident Ernesto Villanueva, 45. "This is part of what is wrong with the Mexican political system and the corruption in the circles of power, that allow there to be a few rich people and millions of poor."
Slim's conglomerate of retail, telecom, manufacturing and construction companies so dominate the Mexican commercial landscape it is often easy for Mexicans to find themselves talking over a Slim-operated cell phone at a Slim-owned shopping center waiting to pay a bill to a Slim-owned company at a Slim-owned bank. If the line is too long, they can catch a quick coffee at a Slim-owned restaurant.
Slim's Telmex company controls 83 percent of land phone lines in Mexico, and is also the leading Internet service provider. Another of his firms is the leading cell phone operator, and he wants to get into convergence services to offer television and interactive media.
While he has acknowledged that prices for Internet service in Mexico remain high, he has hotly denied operating a near-monopoly in calling services, or charging excessive prices for calls.He also owns the Sears and Saks retail stores operating in Mexico. And last year,, he announced a $250 million investment in The New York Times.After living for almost two decades in the shadow of Slim, some Mexicans say his wealth as an understandable – and perhaps inevitable – outgrowth of Mexico's lopsided, dog-eat-dog economic system.
"He was intelligent enough to get to where he is, while we, as a people, have never known how to unite ourselves," said 17-year-old Mexico City student Manuel Santibanez. "We are always looking out for ourselves."

Self Assessment

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Tuesday, March 2, 2010

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Monday, January 25, 2010

Complicated Hanzi

I've noticed that when I make errors in writing characters, I often make the same error on a regular basis. That is, some parts of the characters are easy to remember, while other things get mixed up. I'd guess this is common.

Has anyone tried the strategy of keeping track of his or her common mistakes, and then studying them, as a way to study characters?

I just mis-wrote 安静 for the millionth time, putting a heart-radical on the left part of 静。 (No idea why I do this... something is getting mixed up in my head I guess..)

Sometimes when I study characters (production, using anki), I circle the characters that I got wrong. I can look back, and even without looking at the incorrect character, I can remember exactly what the mistake was.. in fact, even a few days later, I can often still remember what the last mistake was, and the reason why it's been re-scheduled so soon on Anki.

Thus, I wonder if it might be helpful to do something like I suggested above. I'm probably going to try it anyways, but I'm wondering if anyone has used a strategy like this, what exactly you did, and if it was helpful or not.
Not sure if this is right, but there's a lot of common characters - 请, 情,清,晴 - which you come across at a relatively early stage that have 青 on the right. I suspect the pattern-noticing parts of the brain spots that and think of it as a rule, and so the exception of it being on the left in 静 causes confusion.

I can get 欠,攵and夂 mixed up all day long, but I work on the basis that if I ever have to write anything, my handwriting is so bad nobody is likely to notice.
Maybe you could try thinking along basic lines such as: 'The radical for 静 is 靑 (the heart radical meanwhile, that I mistakenly keep on writing, is thus pushed out of and no longer in the common left-side radical position), whilst the phonetic according to Harbaugh is apparently (or rather, "has to, can only be" therefore, by this process of elimination I'm engaged in) 争 (zhēng). So 静 = left radical 靑 + right phonetic ("phonetic") 争 .'

Chinses learning

This post is a general overview on studying Chinese. Many details will be omitted since I'm not writing a book. Any detailed questions can be asked below or searched for.

1. You start going up the roller coaster by learning the basics. You are thinking how hard it is to get the basics down, especially weird pronounciations like ǜ. Hearing the differences in tones is a difficult task, let alone speaking them quickly. You are forced to learn characters through brute memorization. The ascent is very very slow and you can't even make a basic conversation.

These are the basic skills you should MASTER in level one, all are equally important to your foundation.

Pinyin (pronunciation) Memorize all pinyin, and have a native speak correct your pronunciation.
Tones You should speak with tones, know the tone rules, and practice tone recognition.
Radicals After learning some characters, you should learn the first one hundred radicals or so. It will help on character retention and for memorizing new charcters.
Stroke order Even if you decide not to write, stroke order is important for dictionaries. If you decide to write its extremely important

This is a great thread with ideas on how to start. Beginner's guide

2. You get to the top, and start descending rapidly. You are able to understand some conversations, even picking a word out in a movie is inspiring. This is the stage where everything just 'clicks'. You start thinking Chinese is easy. Words come easily because they are used broadly, 开车,开门,开灯,打开电脑, etc. Grammar seems easy, 了 just makes everything past tense right?

You should have mastered basic grammar and start learning some intermediate grammar points
Learning words is equally important as learning characters
Strive for near native pronunciation, if needed spend more time on pronunciation

3. You're at the bottom and start realizing the once simple 了 is one of the hardest grammar points in Chinese. Reading Chinese starts getting harder because characters start looking alike. Chinese people start misunderstanding you because of minor tone mistakes, 通知,同志,统治,同治,童稚,统制,especially when you start using more advanced vocabulary. But all in all, still confident in yourself, especially since Chinese people are complimenting you all the time.

You will most likely become very self conscious about your tones, and realizing you forgot a lot tones to the most basic words (I didn't use Anki at the time). This is when you will start questioning your grammar, if you start becoming unsure about something you write or say, just write it down and ask someone. Classical Chinese is helpful to further understanding written Chinese.

4. Realizing you suck at Chinese. You start going back up the roller coaster, realizing there are countless idioms and sayings to remember. Reading newspapers is a daunting task; everything has its own abbreviation. 浙江大学 is 浙大 for example. While many grammar points are easily learned. You can understand and talk about most topics, but its just not good enough yet.

This stage is probably the hardest to get past. While you have a solid foundation in Chinese, its not enough. To top it all off, you are getting severly diminishing returns

Chinese is more difficult than European languages

I went to China in the Autumn and while I was there I started learning Chinese and had a really excellent teacher for a couple of weeks.
However after that I moved on and I really struggled to apply the very rudimentary skills I had in any sort of every day context, which really concerned me and I think kind of made me give up on learning Chinese a bit.
I am Scandinavian and I speak and understand most northern European languages, and I normally find that if I go to for example Italy I can fairly quickly pick up some basic stuff and then build on that quite quickly, but this just did not happen with Chinese at all.

I cannot pronounce Chinese, I don't understand it and tbh the whole sign story I am not even contemplating yet, so I have obviously had a bit of a dent in my language buff image.

Chinese is a difficult language, and it is very different from all European languages. I don't think that it is considerably more difficult than, say, English, but you have a huge head-start in learning English, as it shares most of its vocabulary and grammar with Scandinavian languages.

It's relatively easy to pick up languages similar to your own, or from the same family. European languages have all borrowed heavily from Latin, so Italian and Spanish are easy to pick up due to the huge overlap in vocabulary. Many of us have been through the desperation phase when faced with Chinese and the glacial rate of progress.

A couple of weeks is really not a suitable time frame for expecting to learn anything. The fact that you don't understand anything is completely normal. It would be absolutely abnormal if you had rudimentary skills after a couple of weeks.

Chinese is a challenge for language learners, but a really rewarding one. You will need to measure your learning time in years instead of weeks though.